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Processes

Business processes are the activities that organizations perform to create value. They have an owner, which is accountable for the process and its definition. And have a executional unit from the organisational structure responsible for the execution of the process. They can be categorized into five main types:

organisational / core processes
support processes
management processes
innovation processes
compliance processes

Data

Business data are entities used in the company in processes, e.g. customer, order, invoice, product, etc. A data is owned by a person, which is accountable for the data, its definition, quality, etc.

Data can inherit more detailed data.
Data can be used in multiple processes.
Data can implement other data, e.g. a customer is a 'natural person'
Data can have relationships with other data.

Domains

Check out Domain-Driven Design by Eric Evans for more details on domains. In short, a domain is a specific area of knowledge or activity within an organization. It represents a distinct sphere of influence and expertise. Domains can have subdomains. Domains are categorized into three main types:

Business Domain: The overall scope of the business and its core activities.
Core Domain: Sets the company apart from other companies in the same business domain. They can be complex and unique to the business. e.g. reservation system
Supporting Domain: Is supporting the core domains but are standardized in the business domain. They are usually less complex. e.g. warehouse management
Generic Domain: Are common functionalities that are not specific to the business domain and used by multiple business domains or industries. e.g. Human Resources

Organisational Structure

Focusing on the organisational flow structure, provides an overview of who does what in the company.

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Processes out of bounds

This use case is about identifying processes that uses other processes in other domains or organizational units. This can be a sign, that some processes should be moved to another domain or organizational unit.

Data Use

With data privacy and data security being more and more important, it is crucial to know where data is used in the company. This use case is about identifying processes that uses data or creates data. This can be used to fulfil certain data privacy requirements.

Domain Driven Design

Modeling the company by domains gives a clear picture, where the core value is created and where to invest in or outsource.

Bottleneck teams

Bottleneck teams can be identified by analyzing the dependencies or processes. If a process is used by a lot of processes, this could be a sign that this process or its executional team is a bottleneck

How to start

We know our processes / Process-driven

Try starting with top-level processes and move to more detail. (Top-Down approach)

Identify top-level processes in the company and assign an owner. A top-level process should deliver a value.
Describe the process.
Identify the data that is used or created by the process. -> These are the top-level data.
Describe the data and try to assign a data owner. If only one process creates this data, the process owner is also the data owner.
Try create relationships between data.
Create organisational flow structure of the company.
Identify the executional unit for the process.
Identify domains by looking at the organisational structure, the processes and the data.
Describe the domains.

We know our data / Data-driven

Try starting with top-level data and move to more detail. (Top-Down approach)

Identify top-level data in the company and assign an owner.
Describe the data.
Try create relationships between data.
Identify the process where the data is created and creates value
Describe the process and try to assign a process owner.
Create organisational flow structure of the company.
Identify the executional unit for the process.
Identify domains by looking at the organisational structure, the processes and the data.
Describe the domains.

We know our domains / Domain-driven

Try starting with top-level domains and move to more detail. (Top-Down approach)

Identify your business domain(s) and underlying subdomains.
Describe the domain.
Identify the top-level processes within each domain, starting with the core subdomains.
Describe each process in detail and assign a process owner.
Identify the data that is used or created by the process. -> These are the top-level data.
Describe the data and try to assign a data owner. If only one process creates this data, the process owner is also the data owner.
Try create relationships between data.
Create organisational flow structure of the company.
Identify the executional unit for the process.

I don't know / Need guidance

Try starting with top-level organisational units and move to more detail. (Top-Down approach)

Create organisational flow structure of the company.
Identify the key processes of each top-level organisational unit and assign an owner. A key process should deliver a value.
Describe the process.
Identify the data that is used or created by the process. -> These are the top-level data.
Describe the data and try to assign a data owner. If only one process creates this data, the process owner is also the data owner.
Try create relationships between data.
Identify domains by looking at the organisational structure, the processes and the data.
Describe the domains.